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目的研究北京市海淀区老年人伤害的流行病学特征、发生原因,同时为干预措施的采取提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取海淀区某街道60周岁及以上的老年人1086名,以问卷的形式进行流行病学调查与研究,采用多因素Logistic回归分析发生伤害的原因。结果年伤害发生率为15.6%,伤害的男女性别比例为1︰2.9;冬春季多发,白天多见,其中上午占56.2%。前3种伤害依次为跌到、扭伤及交通事故,共占78.1%。多因素Lo-gistic回归分析表明女性、较低的年龄、高血压病人、颈背腰疼痛是发生伤害的危险因素(OR﹥1,P﹤0.05)。结论多种因素的共同作用导致了老年人伤害的发生,伤害威胁着老年人健康,应采取一系列综合干预措施针对危险因素对该病加以预防和控制。
Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and causes of the elderly injuries in Haidian District, Beijing and to provide a scientific basis for the intervention. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to extract 1086 elderly people aged 60 years and older in a street of Haidian District. Epidemiological investigation and research were conducted in the form of questionnaires. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the causes of the injuries. Results The incidence of annual injury was 15.6%. The sex ratio of injury was 1︰2.9. In winter and spring, it was more common in the daytime, accounting for 56.2% in the morning. The first three kinds of injuries in turn fall, sprain and traffic accidents, a total of 78.1%. Multivariate Lo-gistic regression analysis showed that female, lower age, hypertension and neck and back pain were the risk factors of injury (OR> 1, P <0.05). Conclusions The combination of many factors led to the occurrence of injuries in the elderly. The injuries threaten the health of the elderly. A series of comprehensive interventions should be taken to prevent and control the disease according to the risk factors.