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所谓湿害,就是由于土壤中水分过剩,造成空气不足而引起作物生育障碍的现象。麦类在生长初期(日本关东以西地区为12～3月份,均温在3～5℃左右)受到湿害时,其受害征状是:叶尖黄化或淡褐色;根呈暗褐色、稍硬化,伸长、分枝不良或停止等;植株生育延缓,严重时凋萎枯死。这就是冬季的湿害。麦类在生育后期(3月以后,平均气温在8—10℃以上)受到湿害时,则表现为茎叶黄化和枯死,枯熟,种子根暗褐色且衰弱,新的不定根也呈暗褐色,出现黑色污斑,伸长停止等。这是春季的湿害。麦类的湿害后期要比初期大,以节间伸长期到灌浆成熟期较为显著。湿害就在受害的时期中发生,影响迅速发育的性状而招致减产。1.引起湿害的条件:一般认为,引起麦类湿害的条件有:立地条
The so-called wet damage, is due to excess water in the soil, resulting in lack of air and crop growth disorders caused by the phenomenon. When wheat is wet-harmed in the early stage of growth (from December to March in the west of Kanto, Japan, the average temperature is about 3 to 5 ° C), the symptoms of the damage are: yellowish-yellow leaves or light brown; Hardening, elongation, poor or stop branching, etc .; plant growth retardation, severe wilting dead. This is the winter wet damage. When the wheat was wet-hardened in the late growing period (after March, the average temperature was above 8-10 ℃), the yellowish-green stems and leaves withered and withered, withered, dark brown and weak, and the new adventitious roots also appeared dark Brown, black stains appear, elongation stops and so on. This is the damp spring. Wheat wet damage later than the early large to internode elongation to filling maturity is more significant. Wet damage occurs during the period of victimization, affecting rapidly developing traits and resulting in reduced production. 1. The conditions causing wet damage: It is generally believed that the conditions causing wet wheat malting include: stand