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能否在胎儿期就诊断孩子出生后是否弱智? 弱智一经形成,治愈的可能性不大,教育虽可使孩子潜在能力发挥到最大限度,但成为正常智力的人,也是困难的。所以最好的办法是不让可能智力落后的儿童出生。那么,有没有办法做到这一点呢?科学家经过多年的努力,在70年代研究出一种方法,称之为羊膜穿刺术。用这种方法可以检测出胎儿的染色体畸变和许多遗传性的代谢障碍,而这些问题正是造成智力低下的原因(见图)。凡是被认为有可能生出一个有遗传性疾病、染色体异常的孩子,或年龄过大的(超过35岁)孕妇,都可以做这种检测。方法是:在孕期13～17周(最好是第16周),由医生先用超声波来确定胎儿在子宫内的确切位置,再用一枚长
Is it possible to diagnose whether a child is mentally handicapped after birth in the fetus? Mental retardation is unlikely to be cured once it is formed. Although education can maximize the potential of children, it is also difficult for them to become normal intelligence. So the best way is not to let children who may be mentally retarded born. So, is there any way to do this? Scientists after years of hard work, in the 70’s developed a method, called amniocentesis. Using this method we can detect fetal chromosomal aberrations and many inherited metabolic disorders that are contributing to mental retardation (see figure). This test can be done for any child who is considered likely to have a genetic disease, a chromosomal abnormality, or an over-aged (over 35 years old) pregnant woman. Method is: during pregnancy 13 to 17 weeks (preferably the first 16 weeks), the doctor first use ultrasound to determine the exact location of the fetus in the womb, and then a long