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本文论述了我国海运业在建国初期的具体历史条件下,紧紧抓住企业管理改革这一关键,充分挖掘运输潜力,从而克服了种种困难,发展了海上运输,提前完成了国家规定的“一五”海运计划,在国民经济建设中起到了先行作用。文章还列举了“一五”时期海运企业管理的各项重大措施,为改革海运体制,实行计划管理、技术管理和经济核算,建立商务工作和海务、港务监督、开展技术革新和海上劳动竞赛等等史实,有力地证明了当时有不增加船舶的情况下,“向管理要运力”,成为提高劳动生产率和经济效益的一个行之有效的重要方面。它为我们今天海运食业的改革提供了有益的启迪。
This article discusses the specific historical conditions of China’s shipping industry in the early days of the founding of the People’s Republic of China and firmly grasped the key of enterprise management reform to fully tap the potential of transportation so as to overcome difficulties and develop maritime transport. Five “maritime transport plan has played a leading role in the national economic construction. The article also enumerated the major measures for the management of maritime transport enterprises in the ”First Five-Year Plan“ period, set up the business work and supervision of the maritime affairs and port authorities, carried out the technological innovation and the maritime labor competition for the reform of the maritime transport system, implementation of program management, technical management and economic accounting And so on. It proves that under the circumstance of not increasing the number of vessels at that time, ”managing capacity through management" has become an effective and important aspect of enhancing labor productivity and economic efficiency. It provides a useful inspiration for the reform of our shipping industry today.