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本研究拟通过不同类型组合在南北两地分别采用四种选择方法的比较,找到适于北方正常条件下或南繁加代的选择方法及相应的组合类型。以1980年配制的两亲本生育期差异明显与不明显的两个组合后代为材料。15个F_2单株的种子被分成二部份,一部份在海南岛种植F_3代,一部份在公主岭种植F_3代,在南北两地对F_3代均进行如下处理:1)组合内选优株,2)优良系统内选优株,3)组合内随机取株,4)混合摘荚。1984与1985年于吉林公主岭分别种植两地各处理的F_4、F_5品系,每个处理各24个品系。试验结果表明,两亲差异大的组合,除混合选择处理外,其它处理的生育期均出现差异,即在海南岛选择的生育期变幅较大。两亲差异小的组合,处理间差异小。相同选择方法不同地点选择的亦表现出南方选择偏早类型较多,但占优势的中晚熟类型差异不大。两亲差异大的组合,以在海南岛随机选择处理的F_4、F_5代高产品系较多,各品系平均产量及最高产品系的产量也高;其次为在海南岛进行混合选择处理者。亲本差异小的组合则相反,以公主岭优系选择处理的效果为最好。两类组合的在海南岛进行混合或随机选择处理的低产品系也较多。这些结果说明:不同类型的组合应采取不同的选择方法。在海南岛南育时,对于两亲差异小的组合应采用全系统随机选择法。
This study intends to compare the four selection methods in north and south by different types of combinations to find the selection method and the corresponding combination types suitable for the north normal condition or the South Fanadai generation. In 1980 the preparation of the two parents of the growth period differences were obvious and not obvious two combinations of descendants for the material. The seeds of 15 F_2 plants were divided into two parts. Some of them were planted F_3 generation in Hainan Island, and some were planted in F_3 generation in Gongzhuling. The F_3 generations were treated as follows in both north and south: 1) Strains, 2) good system selected superior strains, 3) random combination within the group, 4) mixed pick pod. In 1984 and 1985, two F_4 and F_5 lines were planted in Gongzhuling, Jilin Province, each dealing 24 lines. The results showed that the combination of large differences in the two parents, except for the mixed selection treatment, showed differences in the growth stages of other treatments, that is, the variation range of the selected growth period in Hainan Island was large. Little difference between the two parents of the combination of small differences between treatments. The same choice of methods to choose from different locations also showed that the southern selection of premature types are more, but the dominant type of late-maturing little difference. There was a large number of high-yielding F_4 and F_5 lines that were randomly selected and treated in Hainan Island. The average yield of each line and the yield of the highest line were also high, followed by the mixed selection treatments in Hainan Island. On the contrary, the combination with a small difference in parents has the best effect of selecting treatment with Gongzhuling system. There are also more low-product lines in which two types of combinations are mixed or randomly selected and processed in Hainan Island. These results show that different types of combinations should adopt different selection methods. When Hainan Island is southwestern, the system-wide random selection method should be adopted for the combination of small differences between the two parents.