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前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)是一种单链糖蛋白,由前列腺上皮细胞产生,存于前列腺腺泡、腺管上皮和精液中,具有较高的组织特异性和敏感性。正常人血清中PSA含量很少,前列腺出现病变时,患者PSA在血清中的浓度升高。近年来,人们对PSA的生物学特征、不同存在形式、检测方法、临床应用进行了大量的研究,取得了很大进展。现在就不同PSA的存在形式及其与前列腺癌的诊断予以综述。
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a single-stranded glycoprotein that is produced by prostate epithelial cells in the prostate gland, ductal epithelium and seminal fluid and has high tissue specificity and sensitivity. Normal serum PSA content is very small, prostate lesions, the patient’s serum PSA concentration increased. In recent years, a great deal of research has been done on the biological characteristics, different existing forms, detection methods and clinical application of PSA, and great progress has been made. Now the different forms of PSA and its diagnosis with prostate cancer are reviewed.