Signal-to-noise ratio of fluorescence detection from a single molecule is analysed by using time-gated techniques. It is found that the optimal signal-to-noise
A highly efficient W3 Y-branch filter in a two-dimensional photonic crystal slab with triangular lattice of air holes is designed and fabricated, and its transm
In the framework of quantum defect theory, we study super-excited states of F2 molecules which can dissociate into F+(3P2,1,0) and F-(1So) ion-pair. Based on ou
We investigate the high-order harmonic generation (HHG) of a model atom whose initial state is prepared in a superposition of its ground state and an excited st