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目的了解中国成年居民的超声骨速及骨质疏松患病情况,探讨骨质疏松症评估和预防策略。方法采用便利抽样的方法,抽取全国各地≥20岁的城镇居民14 229人,采用超声骨强度仪测量桡骨远端1/3处骨骼内传导的声波速度(SOS),计算T值和骨质疏松率。结果男性SOS平均值为(4 069.3±149.1)m/s,骨峰值出现在40~44岁,T值平均为-0.21;女性SOS平均值为(4052.7±181.3)m/s,骨峰值出现在45~49岁,T值平均为-0.10;无论男性和女性,其峰值骨量均低于0(均P<0.05)。受检人群骨质疏松率随年龄的增长而升高;50岁以后,男性、女性骨质疏松检出率分别为7.9%和32.1%。东北居民的骨质疏松率(男性20.5%,女性37.7%)、华北居民的骨质疏松率(男性11.4%,女性35.3%)均明显高于同性别平均水平(均P<0.05)。结论我国城镇居民骨质情况不容乐观,老年男性和更年期后女性是重点防范人群,华北和东北是骨质疏松高发地区,需要有针对性的开展防治工作。
Objective To understand the prevalence of osteoporosis and the prevalence of osteoporosis in adult Chinese population and to explore the assessment and prevention strategies for osteoporosis. Methods A total of 14 229 urban residents aged 20 years or older from all over the country were enrolled in this study. Sonic wave velocity (SOS) was measured in the bones of the distal third of the radius by using ultrasonic bone strength instrument. T value and osteoporosis rate. Results The mean SOS of male was (4069 ± 149.1) m / s, the peak of bone was 40 to 44 years old, the average value of T was -0.21, the average value of female SOS was (4052.7 ± 181.3) m / s, 45-49 years old, T-value average of -0.10; both male and female peak bone mass were lower than 0 (P <0.05). The osteoporosis rate of the subjects increased with age. After 50 years of age, the detection rates of osteoporosis in male and female were 7.9% and 32.1% respectively. The rates of osteoporosis (20.5% in males and 37.7% in females) in Northeast China were significantly higher than those in North China (11.4% in males and 35.3% in females) (all P <0.05). Conclusion The bone mass of urban residents in our country is not optimistic. The elderly men and women after menopause are the key prevention population. North China and Northeast China are the areas with high incidence of osteoporosis. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out prevention and treatment work in a targeted manner.