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基于河北省石家庄市郊农田的土壤分布状况,以土属为评价单元研究区域内的土壤质量状况,选取影响土壤质量的地形坡度、成土母质类型、有效土层厚度和质地等主要分类指标,采用经验法和模糊隶属函数,定量地分析了该地区不同土属类型土壤的质量指数(IFI)。结果显示,石家庄市不同土属的土壤质量差异比较明显:①洪冲积砂壤质潮褐土、洪冲积壤质潮褐土、洪冲积砂砾质潮褐土、黄土质石灰性褐土、洪冲积壤质石灰性褐土、灰砂质潮土、夹黏灰性砂质潮土、灰性壤质潮土、灰性砂壤质潮土、灰性夹黏壤质潮土、灰性夹黏砂壤质潮土、氯化物盐化潮土、硫酸盐盐化潮土、砾砂质冲积土、砂质冲积土的IFI值分别为0.868、0.884、0.847、0.702、0.809、0.776、0.816、0.862、0.846、0.902、0.843、0.783、0.794、0.830、0.831,土壤质量较好,适宜耕种;其中,灰砂质潮土、氯化物盐化潮土、砾砂质冲积土、砂质冲积土由于黏粒含量均<10%,因此耕种前需人工改良。②灰黏壤质草甸沼泽土、固定草甸风沙土、半固定草甸风沙土的IFI值分别为0.822、0.783、0.626,土壤质量较好,但是易受到人为破坏,不应农用,建议种草、种树等生态性保护利用;其余的麻砂质褐土性土、麻砂质褐土、麻砂质淋溶褐土、硅质石灰性褐土、灰泥质石灰性褐土、麻砂质中性粗骨土的IFI值分别为0.438、0.474、0.492、0.427、0.413、0.360,土壤质量相对较差,且均处于山地、丘陵地带,本质上不宜农用。通过对证《河北土地资源》,上述土属类型的IFI情况与实际土壤质量状况有相关性。本研究以土属为评价单元进行评价能够比较准确地反映该区土壤质量的实际情况,方法可供借鉴。
Based on the soil distribution of farmland in suburbs of Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province, the soil quality status of the study area was studied using the soil genus as evaluation unit. The main classification indexes of terrain grade, soil parent material type, effective soil thickness and texture were selected Empirical method and fuzzy membership function to quantitatively analyze the soil quality index (IFI) of different soil types in this area. The results showed that the soil quality differences of different soil genus in Shijiazhuang were obvious: ① flood alluvial loamy tide cinnamon soil, flood alluvial loamy cinnamon soil, flood alluvial sandy loamy cinnamon soil, loess limestone cinnamon soil, Loamy sandy loam, sandy loam, clayey sandy sandy soil, ashes of gray soil, loamy loamy soil, loamy clayey loamy soil, The IFI values of sand loamy soil, chloride salinized soil, sulfated saline soil, gravel sandy alluvial soil and sandy alluvial soil were 0.868,0.884,0.847,0.702,0.809,0.776,0.816,0.862 , 0.846,0.902,0.843,0.783,0.794,0.830,0.831, better soil quality, suitable for cultivation; of which, sandy soil, chloride salinized soil, gravel sandy alluvial soil, sandy alluvial soil due to sticky Grain content <10%, so the need to manually improve before cultivation. ② IFI values of gray-loamy meadows swamp soil, fixed meadow aeolian sandy soil and semi-fixed meadow aeolian sandy soil were 0.822, 0.783 and 0.626, respectively. Soil quality was good, but it was vulnerable to man-made damage and should not be used for farming. Grass and tree planting. The remaining sandy sandy loamy soil, sandy sandy cinnamon, sandy loamy cinnamon, siliceous limestone, stucco limestone, The IFI values of sandy neutral coarse-grained soil are 0.438, 0.474, 0.492, 0.427, 0.413 and 0.360, respectively. The soil quality is relatively poor and both are in the mountainous and hilly areas, which are not suitable for agriculture in nature. Through the verification of “Hebei land resources”, the IFI situation of the above-mentioned soil types is related to the actual soil quality status. In this study, the assessment of soil genus as a unit of assessment can accurately reflect the actual situation of soil quality in this area, and the methods can be used for reference.