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基于我国1978~2012年31个省市自治区服务业的面板数据,运用产出导向的规模收益可变DEA模型计算了改革开放以来全国及各省服务业全要素生产率的变动,并将其进一步分解为四个效率指标,通过对生产率各个指标值变动轨迹的区域和阶段两方面考察,试图从劳动生产率视角,提供一个理解服务业集聚效应的维度,探究我国服务业发展的主要特点和矛盾。研究表明,35年来我国服务业全要素生产率增长显著,但地区差距问题也日益突出,拉动效率增长的主导因素发生了变化。我国应加快改革各类阻碍服务业发展的制度障碍,推进服务业结构优化和技术创新,不断完善服务业的集聚发展模式。
Based on the panel data of service industry in 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities from 1978 to 2012 in China, this paper calculates the change of total factor productivity of service industry in China and other provinces since the reform and opening up by using output-oriented scale-income variable DEA model and further decomposes it into This paper tries to provide a dimension to understand the agglomeration effect of service industry from the view of labor productivity and to explore the main characteristics and contradictions of the development of service industry in our country through examining both the region and stage of the trajectory of each index value of productivity. The research shows that in the past 35 years, the total factor productivity of service industry in our country has increased significantly, but the issue of regional disparity has become increasingly prominent. The dominant factor driving the growth of efficiency has changed. China should speed up the reform of all kinds of institutional obstacles that hinder the development of the service industry, promote the optimization of service industries and technological innovation, and constantly improve the service industry’s pattern of agglomeration and development.