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2010年8月18日云南省贡山县普拉底乡东月各沟暴发泥石流,造成了严重的人员伤亡和财产损失,是近年来发生于我国滇西北三江成矿带最严重的特大泥石流事件,同时也是泥石流危害矿产资源开发和利用的典型案例,分析其成因与防灾对策对未来该区域的发展规划,矿产资源的开发和利用,以及防灾减灾对策的制定具有重要的参考价值和警示意义。根据实地调查,结合遥感影像与气候资料分析,研究区的活动断层与1950年西藏察隅地震对东月各沟造成了严重影响,形成区的寒冻风化与第四纪冰川的作用加速了泥石流物源累计的速率,陡峻的地形和1200万m3的巨量冰碛物是泥石流灾害发生的根本原因;气候变化,尤其是暴雨日数的异常增加与气温的快速变化是灾害发生的诱因,当日的11.0mm/h的短历时、高强度降雨和高温天气是最终的激发因素;此外,需要注意的是,流域内选矿厂工人对泥石流灾害警惕意识不高也是造成此次灾难的重要原因。根据贡山县的实际情况,结合怒江流域泥石流分布密度较高的特点,建议贡山县在未来的矿产资源的开发和利用过程中,必须兼顾开发利用和环境保护,据此提出了针对矿产资源开发利用的泥石流防灾减灾对策。
On August 18, 2010, the mudslides and mudslides broke out in the ditch of Dongyue, Pulaidi Township, Gongshan County, Yunnan Province, causing serious casualties and property losses. This is the most serious large-scale debris flow event that occurred in the Sanjiang metallogenic belt in northwest Yunnan in recent years It is also a typical case that debris flow hazards the development and utilization of mineral resources. It is of great value and reference for the future development and utilization of mineral resources and the formulation of disaster prevention and mitigation measures in the future. significance. According to the field survey and the analysis of remote sensing images and climatic data, the active faults in the study area and the Tsiyu earthquake in Tibet have a serious impact on the trench in East China in 1950. The effect of the freezing weathering in the formation area and the Quaternary glacier accelerated the debris flow The cumulative rate of source material, steep terrain and massive moraine with 12 million m3 are the root causes of debris flow disaster. The abnormal increase of climate change, especially the number of rainstorms and the rapid temperature change are the causes of disasters. Short duration, high rainfall and hot weather of 11.0mm / h are the ultimate stimulating factors. In addition, it should be noted that workers in the basin are not aware of the caution of debris flow disasters, which is also an important cause of this disaster. According to the actual situation of Gongshan County and the high densities of mudflows in the Nujiang River Basin, it is suggested that in the process of exploitation and utilization of mineral resources in the future, Gongshan County should give consideration to both development and utilization and environmental protection. Therefore, Development and utilization of debris flow disaster prevention and mitigation measures.