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2010~2013年,对东北玉米土壤氮素地下淋溶年际发生规律和氮排放强度进行研究。结果表明,淋溶年平均发生7~8次,受降雨影响较大,其中6月和7月的淋溶次数占全年的2/3。农田氮素淋溶排放强度年际间差异较大,最高值与最低值差8倍左右,农田本底(不施肥)流失量平均为5 kg/hm2,各施肥处理在4.53~7.17 kg/hm2,农田本底氮素流失70%以上,整体来看,北方农区氮素的地下淋溶强度不高,约占施氮量的5%左右,受降雨、施肥、土壤类型等综合因素的影响。
From 2010 to 2013, the interannual law of N underground leaching and the nitrogen emission intensity of maize in Northeast China were studied. The results showed that leaching took place on average 7 ~ 8 times a year, which was greatly affected by rainfall. The leaching times in June and July accounted for 2/3 of the whole year. The intensity of nitrogen leaching from farmland varies greatly from year to year, with a difference of 8 times between the highest value and the lowest value. The average loss of farmland (without fertilization) is 5 kg / hm2, and the fertilization is 4.53-7.17 kg / hm2 , The nitrogen loss from farmland was more than 70% at the end of the year. Overall, the underground leaching intensity of nitrogen in the northern farmland was not high, accounting for about 5% of the nitrogen application rate. Affected by the combination of rainfall, fertilization and soil types .