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目的探讨猪下肢高速三角破片伤后血清生化改变与脏器损伤的特点。方法长白猪12只,体质量(35.5±5.7)kg。用初速为(773.1±12.4)m/s的0.37 g三角破片弹致猪右后肢股骨外侧5 cm处火器伤。观察动物生命体征及伤道情况,于伤前、伤后1、6、24、48 h测定血清丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、肌酐(CR)、尿素氮(BUN)、磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量及渗透压(OSM)值,动物于伤后48 h活杀,行脏器大体和光镜病理观察。结果伤后48 h内动物生命体征较平稳(P>0.05)。伤后1 h血清中ALT、AST、CR、BUN、CK、LDH即出现显著升高(P<0.05),并持续到伤后48 h(P<0.01);血清OSM值进行性降低(P<0.05)。大体病理解剖见66.7%的动物肺出现点片状出血、水肿或不张等,光镜下可见肺泡腔内有大量的红细胞、水肿液,肺泡壁破裂等;心、肝、肾、肠道等未见明显器质性病理损伤。结论肢体高速三角破片伤后,可引发明显的血液生化指标的改变,引起全身多种脏器的损害,其中肺是最为敏感的脏器。
Objective To investigate the characteristics of serum biochemical changes and organ damage after high-speed triangular fragment rupture in pigs. Methods Landrace 12, body weight (35.5 ± 5.7) kg. Fire pig wounds were induced 5 cm outside of the right hindlimb femur with 0.37 g triangular fragment projectile at a velocity of (773.1 ± 12.4) m / s. The vital signs and injuries of animals were observed. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (CR) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and osmotic pressure (OSM). Animals were killed at 48 hours after injury. Results The vital signs of animals were stable within 48 hours after injury (P> 0.05). Serum ALT, AST, CR, BUN, CK and LDH were significantly increased at 1 h after injury (P <0.05), and continued to 48 h after injury (P <0.01) 0.05). General pathological anatomy see 66.7% of animal lung flake-like bleeding, edema or atelectasis, visible light microscopic alveolar cavity with a large number of red blood cells, edema, alveolar wall rupture; heart, liver, kidney, intestine, etc. No obvious organic pathological injury. Conclusions Limb trifurcation may lead to obvious changes of blood biochemical parameters, causing damage to multiple organs of the body, of which the lungs are the most sensitive organs.