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目前大部分热固性复合材料是用长纤维增强的,纤维含量约为50～75％。热塑性注射模塑工艺通常用短纤维做增强材料,纤维含量约为25％。就纤维长度来说,一般认为纤维较长,复合材料的力学性能较好,但加工性能较差。热塑性复合材料的最大特点是加工性能好,树脂贮存期不限,生产周期短,废料可回收及热成型性能好等。不足之处是纤维浸渍较差和模塑温度及压力高。后两者可使生产成本上升。假如纤维工业能跟上复合材料工业的发展,热塑性复合材料的性能就能得到充分发掘,大规模的工业生产为期不远。
At present, most thermosetting composites are reinforced with long fibers with a fiber content of about 50-75%. Thermoplastic injection molding is usually made of short fiber reinforcement, fiber content of about 25%. In terms of the fiber length, it is generally believed that the fiber is longer, the mechanical properties of the composite material is better, but the processing performance is poor. The most prominent feature of thermoplastic composites is processing performance, the resin shelf life is not limited, the production cycle is short, recyclable scrap and thermoforming performance and so on. The downside is poor fiber impregnation and high molding temperature and pressure. The latter two can increase production costs. If the fiber industry can keep up with the development of composites industry, the performance of thermoplastic composites can be fully exploited, and large-scale industrial production is not far off.