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目的对杭州市两起诺如病毒感染暴发疫情开展调查及病原分子鉴定分型。方法对两起暴发疫情开展流行病学调查,采集病人肛拭子标本及外环境标本进行诺如病毒GⅠ/GⅡ型检测,对阳性标本的病毒基因VP1区部分核酸序列进行扩增测序,利用生物信息学软件进行多序列比对排列及构建进化树。结果两起疫情分别发生在残障人士福利院及农村中学,报告病例数为54例及161例,感染原因分别为接触传播及桶装水污染传播。采集29人份病人肛拭子标本、5份桶装水标本和10份食品及涂抹物标本,结果19人份肛拭子标本诺如病毒阳性,对其中6份阳性标本进行序列比对及进化分析,病毒株均为诺如病毒GⅡ17型,与2014年美国株(KY424350)、2014年中国湖北株(KU310887)、2015年中国台湾株(KT732275)同源性高。结论两起暴发疫情均由诺如病毒引起,基因型别为GⅡ17型。
Objective To investigate two outbreaks of norovirus infection in Hangzhou and to identify the pathogens. Methods The epidemiological investigation of two outbreaks was carried out. The samples of patients’ rectal swabs and external environment were collected for G Ⅰ / G Ⅱ detection of Norovirus and the partial nucleotide sequences of the VP1 gene of the positive samples were amplified and sequenced. Informatics software performs multiple alignment and construction of phylogenetic trees. Results The two outbreaks occurred in Welfare Institutions for the Disabled and Rural Middle Schools, respectively. The number of cases reported was 54 cases and 161 cases. The causes of infection were contact transmission and the spread of bottled water pollution. Collected 29 samples of patients with anal swabs, 5 bottles of bottled water samples and 10 samples of food and spread, the results of 19 samples of ananimal swab Norovirus positive, of which 6 positive samples for sequence alignment and evolution Analysis showed that the strains were all Norovirus GⅡ17, which shared high homology with the American strain (KY424350) in 2014, the Chinese strain in Hubei (KU310887) in 2014, and the Chinese strain in Taiwan (KT732275) in 2015. Conclusion Both outbreaks were caused by norovirus and the genotype was GⅡ17.