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‘Y-2’是采用大群体实生选育方法,从15万株晋西北野生山丁子自然实生苗中选育的早果矮化苹果砧木,2016年1月通过品种审定。对Y系初选、复选优系嫁接品种的早花性状、树体生长量、果实品质、抗逆性表现等指标进行综合评价,结果表明:1)‘Y-2’作中间砧嫁接品种早花早果特性突出,果树童期明显缩短,比乔砧果树提早3~4 a开花;2)矮化效果明显,嫁接‘长富2号’‘丹霞’品种表现为极矮化,嫁接‘嘎拉’表现矮化,综合评价为矮化砧木,生产中适宜高密栽植,也可作为果树盆景的专用砧木;3)抗寒、抗旱性强,且具有一定的抗腐烂病能力;4)嫁接栽培品种亲和性好,适宜在黄土高原或类似气候的苹果产区栽植。
’Y-2’ is a early-fruit dwarf apple rootstock selected from 150,000 native seedlings of wild yam in Northwest Shanxi using large-population selection and breeding method. It was approved in January 2016 by variety. The results showed that: 1) ’Y-2’ could be used as the intermediate grafting variety for grafting varieties of Y-1, and the quality of the tree growth, fruit quality and resistance to stress were all evaluated. The characteristics of early flowering early fruit are prominent, the fruit trees are significantly shortened in their childhood, flowering 3-4 days earlier than that of Joe ancestral tree, and 2) the effect of dwarfing is obvious. The grafted “Dan Fu 2” ’Danxia’ ’Gala’ showed dwarfing, the comprehensive evaluation for the dwarfing rootstocks, suitable for the production of high density planting, fruit bonsai can also be used as a special rootstock; 3) cold and drought resistance, and has some anti-rotten ability; 4) Grafted cultivars with good affinity, suitable for cultivation in the Loess Plateau or similar climate apple producing areas.