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1986年,诺贝尔奖获得者 Binnig 及其同事 Smith 进一步发展了能工作于低温环境的扫描隧道显微镜,从而将扫描隧道显微学的研究工作推进到低温领域.利用低温扫描隧道显微镜开展了超导、电荷密度波(CDW)和自旋密度波(SDW)等方面的研究.扫描隧道谱学(STS)是扫描隧道显微学的另一分支,它的作用在于研究样品的表面电子态.在低温下进行扫描隧道谱的研究,能显著减小谱线热展宽的影响,得到更精确的数据.许多相变同时会伴随着晶格结构或电子态密度的改变,其相变点往往在液氮或液氦温区,要研究这些课题也要借助于低温扫描隧道显微镜.
In 1986, Nobel laureate Binnig and his colleague Smith further developed a scanning tunneling microscope capable of operating in a cryogenic environment to advance the work of scanning tunneling microscopy into the cryogenic field. The use of a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope to conduct superconducting , Charge density wave (CDW) and spin density wave (SDW) etc .. Scanning tunnel spectroscopy (STS) is another branch of scanning tunneling microscopy, its role lies in the study of the sample surface electron state in The research of scanning tunneling spectroscopy at low temperature can significantly reduce the influence of thermal expansion of the spectrum to get more accurate data.Many phase transitions are accompanied by the change of lattice structure or electronic density of states, Nitrogen or liquid helium temperature zone, to study these issues also rely on low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope.