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为了提高寒区春玉米产量和水分利用效率，设置保水剂（S）、秸秆（G）、地膜（M）保墒处理和无保墒（K）处理及 W1、W2、W3、W4 调亏处理和 W5 充分水分处理，进行测筒试验，研究了不同保墒措施和调亏灌溉条件下玉米生长生理及产量和水分利用效率对水分亏缺程度的响应。结果表明，试验处理中，M-W4 处理的玉米产量和水分利用效率均最大，分别为 17 555.02 kg/hm2和 3.77 kg/m3。与对照（K-W5 处理）相比，S-调亏处理耗水量减少 12.86～26.17%，产量亦减少 3.55～19.42%，而水分利用效率提高 2.71～18.24%；G-调亏处理耗水量减少 13.54～20.98%，而产量和水分利用效率或有增减，G-W1、G-W2 处理产量和水分利用效率分别减少 18.40%和 0.22%、14.38%和 0.84%，G-W3、G-W4 处理产量和水分利用效率分别增加 2.33%和 25.74%、2.31%和 29.65%；M-调亏处理耗水量减少 17.45～27.82%，M-W1、M-W2、M-W3 和 M-W4 处理产量分别减少 0.36%、9.38%、3.39%和增加 3.17%，而水分利用效率提高 19.36～38.47%，因而 M-W4 处理产量和水分利用效率均增。综合而言，保墒调亏优化处理确能提高产量和水分利用效率。
In order to improve the yield and water use efficiency of spring maize in cold regions, the water-holding agent (S), straw (G), mulching and moistureless treatment (K) and W1, W2, W3 and W4 Full water treatment, barrel test to study the different moisture conservation measures and regulated deficit irrigation physiological growth and yield and water use efficiency of corn in response to water deficit. The results showed that the maximum yield and water use efficiency of M-W4-treated maize were 17 555.02 kg / hm2 and 3.77 kg / m3, respectively. Compared with the control (K-W5 treatment), water consumption decreased by 12.86 ~ 26.17% and yield by 3.55 ~ 19.42%, while water use efficiency increased by 2.71 ~ 18.24% 13.54 ~ 20.98%, while the yield and water use efficiency increased or decreased. The yield and water use efficiency of G-W1 and G-W2 decreased by 18.40% and 0.22%, 14.38% and 0.84% M-W1, M-W2, M-W3 and M-W4, respectively. The treatment yield and water use efficiency increased by 2.33% and 25.74%, 2.31% and 29.65% respectively. The water consumption decreased by 17.45% to 27.82% Decreased by 0.36%, 9.38%, 3.39% and 3.17% respectively, while the water use efficiency increased by 19.36 ~ 38.47%, so the yield and water use efficiency of M-W4 increased. Taken together, the optimization of soil moisture-deficit adjustment can indeed improve the yield and water use efficiency.