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目的了解木材装饰贴面加工业的冬季作业环境和主要职业危害,为改善工人的作业环境提供参考。方法选取3家木材装潢贴面加工厂为调查对象,在冬季晴朗天气分别测定其不同车间环境中的气象条件、噪声、照度、甲醛和木尘,连续3 d。结果装饰贴面加工业冬季作业环境中,不同车间气温为(8.7±1.2)℃~(12.0±1.0)℃,气湿为(70±1)%~(71±1)%,风速为(0.08±0.02)m/s~(0.45±0.40)m/s,热压车间热辐射为(0.24±0.03)kw/m2~(0.26±0.04)kw/m2;噪声为69 dB~110 dB,作业面照度为(162±51)lx~(229±169)lx,布胶、贴面、修补及热压车间甲醛浓度为(0.19±0.03)mg/m3~(0.22±0.04)mg/m3,砂光、修补车间木尘浓度为(2.31±1.54)mg/m3~(2.90±2.71)mg/m3。结论该县装饰贴面加工业冬季作业环境车间温度偏低、甲醛和噪声污染为主要的职业危害。
Objective To understand the winter operating environment and major occupational hazards of wood veneer processing industry and provide reference for improving the working environment of workers. Methods Three wood veneer processing plants were selected as survey objects. The weather conditions, noise, illumination, formaldehyde and wood dust in different workshop environments were measured in winter in sunny weather for 3 consecutive days. Results In the winter working environment of decorative veneer processing industry, the temperature in different workshops was (8.7 ± 1.2) ℃ ~ (12.0 ± 1.0) ℃, the air humidity was (70 ± 1)% ~ (71 ± 1)% and the wind speed was (0.24 ± 0.03) kw / m2 ~ (0.26 ± 0.04) kw / m2; the noise was 69 dB ~ 110 dB, the working surface The illumination intensity was (162 ± 51) lx ~ (229 ± 169) lx. Formaldehyde concentration in cloth, veneer, repair and hot pressing workshop was (0.19 ± 0.03) mg / m3 ~ (0.22 ± 0.04) mg / (2.31 ± 1.54) mg / m3 ~ (2.90 ± 2.71) mg / m3 in the repair workshop. Conclusion The temperature of the winter operation environment workshop of decorative veneer processing industry in the county is low, formaldehyde and noise pollution are the main occupational hazards.