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我国历史上的农民起义,多数归于失败。究其原因,起义领导人能否正确对待和使用士人,是个重要因素。一般说来,由于农民军中缺乏具有政治远见的有识之士,往往因策略失误而被镇压。项羽不用范增而有垓下之败;窦建德不听凌敬之言而虎牢关被擒;黄巢因滥杀儒生而陷于孤立;李自成则不容李岩而导致局势逆转。朱元璋与之相反,他广泛搜罗人才,使大量知识分子涌入起义队伍,在政治和军事上发挥了巨大作用,最终得国称帝。重温这段历史对我们正确认识知识分子的作用,是不无裨益的。一、高瞻远瞩定鼎金陵由于主、客观原因,农民军多不能很好地解决建设根据地问题。黄巢、李白成虽然铁甲如流、旌旗蔽日,由于没有巩固的后方,一旦失利,退无所归,而造成败局。朱元璋因采纳了儒生们的意见,就避免这个结果。举几个例子:1353年,朱元璋奉郭子兴命南略定远,此时他身边的骨干都是不通文
Most of the peasant uprisings in our history failed. The reason why uprising leaders can treat and use their scholar correctly is an important factor. In general, the lack of politically-conscious people of insight in peasant militaries is often suppressed by strategic misconduct. Xiang Yu does not have to Fanzao and under the defeat; Dou Jiande do not listen to the words of Ling Jing and Tiger prison captured; Huang Chao was killed in the killing of Confucianism and isolated; Li Zicheng is not allowed to lead to the situation reversed Li Yan. Instead, Zhu Yuanzhang extensively recruited talent and infused a large number of intellectuals into the ranks of the uprising, playing a significant political and military role. Eventually, the country won the emperor. It is not without merit to relive this period of history to our correct understanding of the role of intellectuals. First, the far-sighted Ding Jinling Because of the main objective and objective reasons, the peasant army can not properly solve the problem of building a base area. Huang Chao, Li Bai Cheng Although armored, flags in the sun, because there is no consolidation of the rear, once the defeat, no retreat, which resulted in defeat. Zhu Yuanzhang to accept the views of scholars, to avoid this result. To give a few examples: In 1353, the emperor Feng Guo Zixing South slightly fixed, this time around his backbone are not through