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目的探讨纳米氧化铝对小鼠的免疫毒性效应及其机制。方法健康3月龄SPF级ICR小鼠,不同粒径不同剂量氧化铝颗粒连续染毒60 d。检测主要免疫器官氧化损伤指标及细胞因子含量。结果脾脏中SOD活性:各个染毒组均显著低于空白对照组和溶剂对照组(P<0.05),相同剂量13纳米粒径组低于微米粒径组(P<0.05),相同粒径纳米Al2O3高剂量组显著低于低剂量组(P<0.05);GSH含量:染毒组均显著低于空白对照组和溶剂对照组(P<0.05),各染毒组之间也有显著差异;MDA含量:染毒组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),相同剂量13纳米粒径组高于微米粒径组(P<0.05),相同粒径Nano-Al2O3高剂量组显著高于低剂量组(P<0.05);IL-1α含量:4个氧化铝染毒组均显著高于空白对照组和溶剂对照组(P<0.05),相同粒径Nano-Al2O3高剂量组显著高于低剂量组(P<0.05);IL-1β、IFN-γ、TNF-α的含量:染毒组均显著高于空白对照组和溶剂对照组(P<0.05),各染毒组之间也有显著差异。胸腺中SOD活性:相同剂量13纳米粒径组低于微米粒径组(P<0.05),相同粒径Nano-Al2O3高剂量组显著低于低剂量组(P<0.05);GSH含量:Nano-Al2O3染毒组均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),各染毒组之间也有显著差异;MDA含量:相同剂量13纳米粒径组显著高于溶剂对照组(P<0.05),相同粒径Nano-Al2O3高剂量组显著高于低剂量组(P<0.05);IL-1α、IL-1β含量:纳米氧化铝染毒组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各染毒组之间也有显著差异;IFN-γ、TNF-α含量:Nano-Al2O3染毒组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),各染毒组之间也有显著差异。结论纳米氧化铝颗粒引起全身氧化损伤和炎性反应,造成免疫系统不同程度的氧化损伤,刺激机体免疫系统产生免疫应答。不同粒径纳米氧化铝材料间比较,初步认为13纳米NanoAl2O3毒性较大,微米粒径氧化铝毒性小于纳米粒径氧化铝;纳米氧化铝颗粒对小鼠免疫器官氧化损伤指标及细胞因子的影响具有剂量-效应关系。
Objective To investigate the immunotoxic effect of nano-alumina on mice and its mechanism. Methods Healthy 3-month-old SPF ICR mice with different particle sizes and different doses of aluminum oxide particles were exposed continuously for 60 days. Detection of major immune organ oxidative damage indicators and cytokine content. Results The activity of SOD in the spleen was significantly lower than that in the blank control group and the solvent control group (P <0.05). The same dose of 13 nm particle group was lower than the micron particle group (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The content of GSH in the high-dose Al2O3 group was significantly lower than that in the blank control group and the solvent control group (P <0.05), and the MDA content in the high-dose Al2O3 group was significantly lower than that in the low-dose group (P <0.05). The same dose of 13 nm particle size group was higher than the micron particle size group (P <0.05), the same size particle size Nano-Al2O3 high dose group was significantly higher than the low dose (P <0.05). IL-1αcontent was significantly higher in the four alumina treated groups than in the blank control group and the solvent control group (P <0.05). The Nano-Al2O3 high-dose group with the same particle size was significantly higher than the low- (P <0.05). The levels of IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α in the exposed group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group and the solvent control group (P <0.05) . Thymus SOD activity: The same dose of 13 nm particle size group was lower than the micron size group (P <0.05), the same size Nano-Al2O3 high dose group was significantly lower than the low dose group (P <0.05); GSH content: Nano- (P <0.05). There was also a significant difference between the two exposure groups. MDA content: the same dose of 13 nm particle size group was significantly higher than the solvent control group (P <0.05), the same particle (P <0.05). The content of IL-1α and IL-1β in nano-Al2O3 high dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P <0.05) (P <0.05). The levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the Nano-Al2O3 treated group were also significantly higher than those in the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Nano-alumina particles cause systemic oxidative damage and inflammatory response, resulting in different degrees of oxidative damage to the immune system and stimulating the immune system to produce an immune response. Compared with nano-alumina materials with different particle sizes, 13 nanometer NanoAl2O3 was preliminarily believed to be more toxic and less toxic to micronized alumina than to nano-sized alumina. The effect of nano-alumina particles on the oxidative damage index and cytokines of immune organs in mice Dose-effect relationship.