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改革开放是一个淘汰落后生产力,培育和壮大先进生产力的过程。贯穿其中的就是产业结构调整,而产业结构调整必然引起就业结构的调整,劣势企业的退出,必然带来这些领域劳动力退出;激烈的市场竞争,必然使一部分从事简单劳动、技术储备不足、年龄偏大、观念滞后的工人面临下岗或失业。而国有重工业较为集中的东北老工业基地则成为失业的重灾区。
Reform and opening up are a process of eliminating backward productive forces and fostering and expanding advanced productive forces. The adjustment of industrial structure will inevitably lead to the adjustment of employment structure. The withdrawal of inferior enterprises will inevitably lead to the withdrawal of labor forces in these fields. The fierce market competition will inevitably make part of the workforce involved in simple labor, lack of technical reserves, Large, lagging workers face job loss or unemployment. However, the northeast old industrial base where the state-owned heavy industry is relatively concentrated has become the hardest hit among the unemployed.