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催化剂在国民经济中,特别是在石油和化学工业中的重要性越来越为人所熟知。催化剂不但能大大加快一些反应,而且能在可以同时发生的几种反应中,有选择地加速其中一种反应,从而使原料利用率有很大提高。应用新的催化剂,往往能使某种价廉而丰富的原料有新的用途,或使一种多段反应简化为一步完成。要防止或消除污染,扩大能源,无论是近期用煤、页岩取代石油,还是远期发展核聚变能源或光解水制氢,往往发展新一代催化剂是必要的环节。催化剂的重要性历来引起人们对催化剂和催化作
The importance of catalysts in the national economy, especially in the oil and chemical industry, is becoming more and more familiar. Catalysts not only greatly accelerate some reactions, but also selectively accelerate one of several reactions that can occur simultaneously, leading to a significant increase in the utilization of raw materials. The use of new catalysts tends to make new uses for some inexpensive and abundant raw materials, or to simplify a multistage reaction in one step. To prevent or eliminate pollution, to expand energy sources, whether it is the recent replacement of petroleum with coal and shale, or the long-term development of nuclear fusion energy or hydrogen production by photolysis, it is often necessary to develop a new generation of catalysts. The importance of catalysts has traditionally led to both catalyst and catalysis