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列夫·托尔斯泰的名著《安娜·卡列尼娜》在主人公安娜的命运结局上,托尔斯泰毅然作了一个违背自己意愿的处理,把原来主观想象中的“大团圆”的“幸福结尾”,改为安娜伏轨自杀。当《安娜·卡列尼娜》问世之后,有人写信责备作者,说是不应让安娜自杀。托尔斯泰回答说:“根本讲来我那些男女主人公有时常常闹出一些违反我本意的把戏来,他们做了常有的和应该做的事,而不是做了我所希望他们做的事”。应该说,托尔斯泰对安娜结局的安排,以及他对这种安排所说的以上这段精辟的话,是符合艺术发展的本身规律的。它告诉我们:当人物一旦形成自己独立的人格,具备了自己固有的性格逻辑,它就不能由作者随心所欲地来安排他们的结局。尽管作者有种种“希望他们做的事”,而人物却会依照实际生活和艺术规律来做他们“常有的和应该做的事”。这是不以作者的主观意图为转移的。
Lev Tolstoy’s famous work “Anna Karenina” In the fate of the protagonist Anna fate, Tolstoy decided to make a contrary to their own wishes, the original subjective imagination of the “happy” “Happy ending”, replaced by Anna volt suicide. When “Anna Karenina” came out, someone wrote to blame the author, saying Anna should not commit suicide. Tolstoy replied: “Fundamentally speaking, my hero and heroine often make a number of violated my intention of the trick, they do what they do and should do, rather than doing what I want them to do ”. It should be said that Tolstoy’s arrangement of Anna’s ending and what he said above about this arrangement are in line with the laws of art development itself. It tells us that when characters, once formed as their own independent personality, possess their own inherent logic of character, they can not arrange their outcomes at will by the author. Although the author has all kinds of “what they want them to do”, the characters do what they “often and should do” according to the actual life and the law of art. This is not the author’s subjective intention of the transfer.