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[目的]为了明确茉莉酸对小麦白粉病抗性的诱导作用和对抗病相关基因的激活作用,以及抗病性变化与基因表达变化之间的相关性,探索小麦抗白粉病分子机理。[方法]以田间表现不同的代表性感白粉病小麦品种“中国春”、“濮麦9号”和“周麦18”为材料,用茉莉酸甲酯(methyljasmonate,MeJA)处理小麦幼苗叶片进行诱导,通过离体叶段培养法接种白粉菌(Blumeria graminis f.sp.tritici,Bgt)进行抗性鉴定;用实时定量PCR技术检测叶片中PR1(PR1.1)、PR2(β,1-3葡聚糖苷酶)、PR3(几丁质酶)、PR4、PR5(类甜蛋白)、PR9(TaPERO,过氧化物酶)、PR10、TaGLP2a(类胚素蛋白)和Ta-JA2(茉莉酸甲酯诱导蛋白)基因的表达变化。[结果]MeJA处理可以显著提高“中国春”、“濮麦9号”和“周麦18”对白粉菌的抗性水平。诱导抗性可以从MeJA处理后12～96h检测到,24h达到峰值。虽然存在一定差异,但MeJA对3个品种中除TaGLP2a外的8个抗病相关基因的表达有显著激活作用,在处理12、24或48h后达到峰值。MeJA对PR9和PR1的诱导作用最强,可达100倍,对PR2、PR4、PR5、PR3、PR10和Ta-JA2的诱导作用强,可达10-70倍;对TaGLP2a没有明显作用。茉莉酸诱导的抗病性提高与8个抗病相关基因的表达增强呈正相关。[结论]茉莉酸诱导的抗病性增强与抗病相关基因的表达增强呈正相关,茉莉酸信号传导途径在小麦抗白粉病反应中起作用,对这一途径的调控可提高小麦的白粉病抗性。
[Objective] The research aimed to clarify the inductive effect of jasmonic acid on the resistance of wheat powdery mildew and the activation of disease-related genes, as well as the correlation between the changes of disease resistance and gene expression, and to explore the molecular mechanism of wheat powdery mildew resistance. [Method] With the representative wheat varieties “Chinese Spring”, “Pumai 9” and “Zhoumai 18” which represented different powdery mildew cultivars in the field, we used methyljasmonate (MeJA) The leaves of wheat seedlings were treated with Blumeria graminis f. Sp. Tritici (Bgt) to induce resistance. The leaf area of PR1 (PR1.1), PR2 PR1, PR3, PR4, PR5, TaurO, PR10, TaGLP2a and Ta- JA2 (methyl jasmonate induced protein) gene expression changes. [Result] MeJA treatment could significantly increase the resistance to powdery mildew of “Chinese Spring”, “Puma 9” and “Zhoumai 18”. Induced resistance can be detected from 12 to 96 h after MeJA treatment, reaching a peak at 24 h. Although there were some differences, MeJA significantly activated the expression of 8 disease-resistance-related genes except TaGLP2a in 3 cultivars, and peaked at 12, 24 or 48h after treatment. MeJA had the strongest induction effect on PR9 and PR1, up to 100-fold. The induction effect on PR2, PR4, PR5, PR3, PR10 and Ta-JA2 was strong, up to 10-70-fold. MeJA had no obvious effect on TaGLP2a. The increase of jasmonic acid-induced disease resistance was positively correlated with the expression of 8 resistance-related genes. [Conclusion] The jasmonic acid-induced enhancement of disease resistance was positively correlated with the expression of resistance-related genes. JAS signaling pathway played a role in the resistance to powdery mildew in wheat, and the regulation of this pathway could increase the resistance to powdery mildew of wheat Sex.