论文部分内容阅读
如何从技术发展规律的要求出发,创造一个技术进步的优良环境,使我国的技术水平获得一个飞跃。本文试图对技术进步的环境,技术进步的机制及经济体制如何适应技术进步(或说新技术革命)的要求等问题作一些初步的探讨。一、政治·经济·技术纵观历史长河,人们将发现这样一种现象:每当一个社会的技术发生一种质的飞跃时,经济状况总是随之活跃,由此得到一个较大发展,与此相伴的是政治制度发生或大或小的变化。人类社会经历了由奴隶社会→封建社会→资本主义社会的转变。这个转变表明一个社会的技术水平是决定该社会的政治、经济的主要因素之一。但另一方面,也是人们经常忽视的一面,即:政治、经济对技术发展的作用往往是大于人们所想像的“生产力决定生产关系,生产关系反作用于生产力”的。其实,政治经济对技术进步的巨大作用,在中国历史上表现最为明显。中国这个闻名于世的四大古国
How to proceed from the requirements of the law of technological development and create an excellent environment for technological progress so that our country's technological level will make a leap forward. This article attempts to make some preliminary discussions on the environment of technological progress, the mechanism of technological progress and how the economic system can adapt to the requirements of technological progress (or new technological revolution). I. History, Politics, Economy and Technology Throughout the history, people will find such a phenomenon that whenever a qualitative leap in the technology of a society occurs, the economic situation is always followed and a great development is obtained. Accompanying this is the change of the political system, big or small. Human society has undergone a transformation from slave society to feudal society to capitalist society. This shift shows that the technical level of a society is one of the major factors that determine the political and economic aspects of the society. But on the other hand, people often neglect the other side: the role of politics and economy in technological development is often greater than people think. “Productivity determines the relations of production and the relations of production react to the productive forces.” In fact, the great role of the political economy in technological progress has been most pronounced in Chinese history. China is the world's four ancient kingdoms