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英国在从中世纪末期向近代社会的转型中,传统的庄园制让位与新起的资本主义式农场,农民逐步摆脱了人身和经济束缚而成为了社会上的从业者、消费者,贵族和领主转化为新式的乡绅;在上述的一系列变革中地理作用有着很大的影响,有助于英国形成一个统一的国内市场和政治核心。随即而发生的宗教改革,更是解脱了罗马对英国的宗教束缚,进而赢得了信仰上的自由和政治独立。
In the transition from the late Middle Ages to the modern society, the British gave way to the traditional manorial system and the new capitalist farms and peasants gradually emerged from personal and economic constraints and became social practitioners, consumers, aristocrats and lords Into a new type of gentry. In a series of changes as mentioned above, the role of geography has a great influence and helps Britain to form a unified domestic market and political center. The ensuing religious reform took liberties from Rome’s religious bondage to Britain, thereby gaining freedom of belief and political independence.