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The growth of world ethylene production and demand has been slowed down, but accelarated growth after 2015 is forecasted. Shale gas revolution has promoted the resurge of ethylene industry in North America and changed the investment pattern of world ethylene industry.Chinese ethylene industry has developed rapidly, facing not only opportunities for development but also outside pressure.The diversified pattern of Chinese ethylene industry has been formed , in which MTO has become an effective complement to the ethylene industry.While cracking raw material has become lighter and lighter worldwide, naphtha still dominates the ethylene raw material in China, leading to high cost of raw material.Aiming to reduce the cost and improve the competitiveness, this article introduces the progress of steam cracking technology for ethylene production from the aspects of low energy consumption , low cost, large capacity and long-term operation.