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目的为了解凉山彝族自治州肺结核的流行状况和规律,为制定肺结核防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对凉山州2004～2008年肺结核相关资料进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2004～2008年凉山州共报告肺结核21596例,年平均发病率为103.73/105,占法定报告传染病发病总数的20.06%,位居法定报告传染病中第2位。1季度和2季度为发病的高发季节,并且高发地区为彝族聚集地。男性发病高于女性,两者发病率差异有统计学意义,高发年龄段为20～30岁和60岁以上,主要发病人群为农民。结论凉山州肺结核疫情较重,应将其作为疾控工作的重点,加强对高危人群的健康教育和检测,提高高危地区新生儿的卡介苗接种率,从而有效的控制结核病的传播和蔓延。
Objective To understand the prevalence and patterns of tuberculosis in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture and provide a scientific basis for the development of tuberculosis prevention and control measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze descriptive epidemiological data of tuberculosis in Liangshan Prefecture from 2004 to 2008. Results A total of 21 596 cases of tuberculosis were reported in Liangshan Prefecture from 2004 to 2008, with an average annual incidence of 103.73 / 105, accounting for 20.06% of the total number of notifiable infectious diseases, ranking the second among the reported infectious diseases. The first quarter and the second quarter are the high incidence of morbidity season, and the high incidence area is Yi gathering place. The incidence of males was higher than that of females, and the difference between the two was statistically significant. The high incidence was 20-30 years old and over 60 years old, and the main affected population was farmer. Conclusion The epidemic situation of tuberculosis in Liangshan Prefecture should be regarded as the focus of disease control and treatment. Health education and testing should be strengthened for high-risk population and BCG vaccination rate should be improved for newborns in high-risk areas so as to effectively control the spread and spread of tuberculosis.