苏联现代煤炭工业

• 作 者: A·库尔诺索夫 王国清
• 机 构: 苏联煤炭工业经济与科学情报中央研究所,
• 出 处: 国际经济评论
• 发表日期: 1979年12期
• 关键词: 煤炭工业 燃料动力基地 原煤产量 天然气生产 煤矿技术 钢铁工业 煤田 露天煤矿 苏联经济 八十年代

为了满足八十年代及其以后对煤炭的需要,苏联正在认真进行煤矿技术改革的综合规划苏联经济的一个突出特点是优先发展燃料动力基地,其中煤炭工业占有重要地位。煤炭大约提供苏联能源需要总量的三分之一,并满足国民经济对能源不断增长的需求。尽管石油和天然气生产发展的速度较高,但煤炭仍然是热电站的主要能源,而且正充分满足钢铁工业的需要。煤炭还广泛地用作化工原料。1977年苏联原煤产量达7.22亿吨,为1940年的4倍以上。

In order to meet the need for coal in the 1980s and beyond, the Soviet Union is seriously carrying out a comprehensive plan for coal technology reform. A prominent feature of the Soviet economy is that it gives priority to the development of a fuel power base, in which the coal industry occupies an important position. Coal provides about one-third of the total Soviet energy needs and meets the growing national demand for energy. Despite the high rate of oil and gas production development, coal is still the major source of power for thermal power plants and is fully meeting the needs of the steel industry. Coal is also widely used as a chemical raw material. In 1977, the Soviet Union produced 722 million tons of raw coal, more than four times that of 1940.