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生物柴油是一种可再生能源,因其可替代石油来源的柴油而日益受到重视。随着生物柴油工业的蓬勃发展,其制备过程中的主要副产物甘油出现明显的产能过剩。作为一种廉价的清洁资源,甘油的深度开发和利用既是发展生物柴油工业的关键,也符合绿色化学的发展要求。近年来,甘油不仅作为重要的起始原料用于一些高附加值化学品的制备,而且因其独特的理化性质和易降解、生物相容性好等特性,在生物催化和绿色溶剂领域的应用研究日趋活跃。本文主要综述了甘油在工业微生物发酵、生物合成和绿色溶剂领域的研究进展,并就其应用中存在的一些问题,如甘油原料品质和微生物利用效率等进行分析,同时展望了甘油在生物催化领域的应用前景。
Biodiesel, a renewable energy source, is gaining increasing attention as it can replace diesel from petroleum sources. With the booming biodiesel industry, significant overcapacity of glycerol, the major by-product of its preparation, has occurred. As a cheap clean resource, the deep development and utilization of glycerol is not only the key to the development of biodiesel industry, but also meets the requirements of the development of green chemistry. In recent years, glycerol is not only used as an important starting material for the preparation of some high value-added chemicals, but also has been used in the fields of biocatalysis and green solvents because of its unique physical and chemical properties, easy degradation and good biocompatibility Research is increasingly active. In this paper, the progress of glycerol in the field of industrial microbial fermentation, biosynthesis and green solvents is reviewed. Some problems in its application, such as the quality of glycerol raw material and the utilization efficiency of microorganisms, are also reviewed. Meanwhile, the glycerol in the field of biocatalysis The application prospects.