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目的了解番广州市禺区老年居民心血管疾病高危因素分布与聚集情况,为该类人群干预措施提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法,抽取55岁以上番禺区居民6 313例进行流行病学调查及体检。结果高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、吸烟、超重/肥胖(5种危险因素)暴露率依次为68.3%,22.7%,55.9%,9.1%,52.2%。不同性别之间糖尿病、吸烟差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同年龄组的各高危因素高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、超重/肥胖有统计学意义(P<0.05);女性、高龄老年者更易存在心血管高危因素的聚集。结论番禺区老年人的高血压发病率较高,血脂异常问题也较突出。女性、高龄老年者更易存在心血管高危因素的聚集,是以后健康教育干预的重点人群。
Objective To understand the distribution and aggregation of risk factors for cardiovascular disease in elderly residents in Panyu District, Guangzhou City, and to provide basis for the interventions of these people. Methods A multistage stratified stratified random cluster sampling method was used to collect 6 313 residents in Panyu District over the age of 55 for epidemiological investigation and physical examination. Results The rates of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, smoking and overweight / obesity (five risk factors) were 68.3%, 22.7%, 55.9%, 9.1% and 52.2% respectively. There were significant differences in diabetes and smoking between different genders (P <0.05). The risk factors of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and overweight / obesity in different age groups were statistically significant (P <0.05) More vulnerable to the accumulation of cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion The incidence of hypertension in the elderly in Panyu District is high, and dyslipidemia is also prominent. Women and elderly people are more likely to accumulate cardiovascular risk factors, which are the key intervention groups for future health education.