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目的探讨脑梗死再发患者的临床特点及危险因素,为疾病预防提供依据。方法 112例复发脑梗死患者与136例初发脑梗死患者进行对照研究,比较其临床特点和发病因素。结果初发脑梗死5 a内为再发高峰期,再发脑梗死治疗效果差,致残率高(χ2=5.11,P<0.05)。脑梗死再发者伴高血压、糖尿病者明显多于初发者(χ2值分别为12.51和8.70,均P<0.01),而且血脂和纤维蛋白原水平增高者也明显高于初发者(P<0.01)。结论高血压、糖尿病、高血脂、高纤维蛋白原等都是脑梗死再发的重要危险因素。脑梗死再发高峰期及长期的二级预防应以治疗高血压、糖尿病、高血脂和高纤维蛋白原为主要目标。
Objective To explore the clinical features and risk factors of patients with recurrent cerebral infarction and provide basis for disease prevention. Methods A total of 112 patients with recurrent cerebral infarction and 136 patients with newly diagnosed cerebral infarction were compared with each other to compare their clinical features and risk factors. Results The first episode of cerebral infarction within 5 days was the peak of recurrence. The recurrent cerebral infarction was poor and the morbidity was high (χ2 = 5.11, P <0.05). The recurrence of cerebral infarction with hypertension, diabetes were significantly more than the initial (χ2 values were 12.51 and 8.70, both P <0.01), and elevated blood lipids and fibrinogen were also significantly higher than the initial (P <0.01). Conclusion High blood pressure, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and high fibrinogen are all important risk factors for recurrent cerebral infarction. Cerebral infarction recurrence peak and long-term secondary prevention should be the treatment of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and high fibrinogen as the main goal.