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宫颈癌是发展中国家第二大常见的女性生殖系统肿瘤，在我国女性恶性肿瘤死亡率中排第二，且患病率仍居首位。近几年，随着宫颈癌筛查及预防措施的不断优化普及，宫颈癌总体发病率较之前有所降低，但我国宫颈癌的发病率却呈现出年轻化、地区差异化等特征，持续威胁着我国女性生育、生殖、心理健康及生命安全。针对当前面临的困境，精准医疗计划(PMI)开启了肿瘤个体化防治的新篇章。我国的医学工作者需借鉴国际研究组织对宫颈癌早期筛查及预防的有益成果，探索适合我国的宫颈癌早期筛查及预防策略。“,”Cervical cancer is the second most common female reproductive system tumor in developing countries and ranks second among female cancer deaths worldwide. In recent years, with the continuous optimization and popularization of cervical cancer screening and preventive measures, the overall incidence rate of cervical cancer has decreased. But the incidence rate of cervical cancer in China is younger and differentiated. It continues to threaten the fertility, reproduction, mental health and life safety of women in China. In view of the current difficulties, precision medicine initiative (PMI) has opened a new chapter in the individualized prevention and treatment of cancer. Chinese medical workers need to learn from the beneficial results of international research organizations on early screening and prevention of cervical cancer, and explore the appropriate early screening and prevention strategies for cervical cancer in China.