论文部分内容阅读
本文就几年来对中南地区北纬19～32°,黄棕壤、红壤与砖红壤40多个土样的x—射线衍射和化学分析结果,讨论了这些土壤胶体的无机组成、矿物组成及其与土壤表面性质的关系. ①黄棕壤以水云母、蛭石和高岭为主,有的含有14埃过渡矿物;红壤以高岑或高岑、水云母为主,有少量14埃过渡矿物,有的含微量三水铝石;砖红壤中高岑石占绝对优势,含少量三水铝石.黄棕壤粘粒中游离铁含量比红壤、砖红壤的低,而无定形铁的含量则相反。②黄棕壤粘粒的比表面比红壤、砖红壤的高,前者以内表面为大,后者以外表面为大。黄棕壤的表面电荷点零比红壤、砖红壤的小,而它们的净电荷均为负号.③黄棕壤、红壤、砖红壤粘粒阳离子交换量,土壤的盐基饱和度依次变小。表明红壤、砖红壤的养分阳离子吸特量小,较缺乏有效钙、镁、钾等元素.④黄棕壤、红壤、砖红壤的△pH(pH_(H_2O-pH_(kcl))依次变小;红壤的土壤酸度主要是由交换性铝引起的.⑤黄棕壤吸附、固定磷酸离子的载体与红壤、砖红壤有所不同,影响其有效性的因素不一样,提高其有效性的途径宜有所不同.
In this paper, the results of x-ray diffraction and chemical analysis of more than 40 soil samples of 19 ~ 32 ° North latitude, yellow brown earth, red earth and latosol in South-Central China in recent years are discussed. The inorganic composition, mineral composition, The relationship between the surface properties of the soil. ① Yellow brown soil mainly aqua mica, vermiculite and kaolinite, and some contain 14 过 transitional minerals; red soil to Cen Cen or Cen Cen, mainly aqua mica, a small amount of 14 过 transition minerals, there With a small amount of gibbsite.High centelite in brick red soil accounted for the absolute superiority, with a small amount of gibbsite.The content of free iron in yellow brown clay was lower than that in red soil and brick, while the content of amorphous iron was the opposite. ② yellow brown clay clay surface than red soil, brick red soil high, the former to the inner surface is large, the latter to the outer surface is large. The surface charge of yellow brown soil is zero, which is smaller than that of red soil and brick red soil, and their net charge are negative.③ The clay ion exchange capacity and soil salt base saturation of yellow brown soil, red soil and red brick soil decrease successively . The result showed that there was little positive nutrient absorption in red soil and brick red soil, and lack of available calcium, magnesium and potassium.④The △ pH (pH_ (H_2O_H_k_ (kcl)) of yellow brown soil, Soil acidity in red soil is mainly caused by exchangeable aluminum.⑤The carrier of yellow-brown soil adsorption and immobilization of phosphate ions is different from red soil and brick-red soil, and the factors that affect its effectiveness are different, and the ways to improve its effectiveness should be Different.