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以郑单958为供试品种,设55 cm、65 cm两个行距水平以及种肥侧向、正向两种施用方式,研究不同行距和施肥方式对玉米生长发育、产量及机械化收获效率的影响。结果表明,55 cm、65 cm行距对玉米株高、茎粗、穗位高、叶面积指数和干重等生长指标均无显著影响,两个行距配置下玉米产量基本相同;种肥施用方式对玉米前期生长影响较大,种肥侧施的肥效明显优于种肥正施。玉米三叶期至拔节期,种肥侧施的株高、叶面积指数、干重和根系数量较种肥正施均有不同程度的提高,但种肥正施和侧施对玉米产量及其构成因素无明显影响。因此,在玉米生产中可以根据农机具设计和生产需求,规范行距,统一收获机械规格,从而降低生产成本,推进玉米生产全程机械化进程。
Taking Zhengdan958 as the test variety, the two rows of 55 cm and 65 cm spacing and the lateral and forward application of fertilizer were used to study the effects of different row spacing and fertilization modes on the growth and yield, maize harvest efficiency of maize . The results showed that the row spacing of 55 cm and 65 cm had no significant effect on the growth indexes of plant height, stem diameter, ear height, leaf area index and dry weight. The yield of maize was basically the same under two row spacing configurations. Maize pre-growth has a greater impact, fertilizer fertilizer side effect significantly better than the kind of fertilizer is applied. The plant height, leaf area index, dry weight and root number of the topdressing treatments increased significantly from the three-leaf stage to the jointing stage, but the fertilizer application was higher Composition factors had no significant effect. Therefore, corn production can be based on the design and production of agricultural machinery needs, standard spacing, uniform harvest machinery specifications, thereby reducing production costs, and promote the full mechanization of corn production process.