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目的探讨儿童注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的呼吸功能,分析其注意力缺陷多动障碍的临床特征。方法以《美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)为诊断标准,选择40名ADHD儿童,按1∶1比例设对照组,采用两独立样本资料的t检验比较两组儿童的呼吸频率、幅度和最大呼气峰流速值,采用Pearson相关系数对ADHD儿童的IVA-CPT各商数与呼吸功能的关联性进行分析。结果①ADHD组儿童呼吸频率快于正常组儿童,而呼吸幅度和最大呼气峰流速值低于正常组儿童。②ADHD组儿童综合尺度反应控制商数(FSRCQ)、综合尺度注意力商数(FSAQ)、听觉反应控制商数(ARCQ)、视觉反应控制商数(VRCQ)、听觉注意力商数(AAQ)与呼吸频率呈负相关,与呼吸幅度及最大峰流速值呈正相关;而视觉注意力商数(VAQ)与频率呈负相关,与呼吸幅度呈正相关,但与最大峰流速值的相关无统计学意义。结论 ADHD与肺功能存在相关性,ADHD儿童可能存在浅快呼吸及肺容量小等缺陷,可作为ADHD的干预效果指标之一。
Objective To investigate the respiratory function of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and analyze the clinical features of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods According to DSM-Ⅳ (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of American Psychiatry), the fourth edition (DSM-Ⅳ) as the diagnostic criteria, 40 children with ADHD were selected and the control group was established according to the ratio of 1: 1. T test was used to compare two groups of children Respiratory rate, amplitude and peak expiratory flow velocity values, the use of Pearson correlation coefficient of ADHD children IVA-CPT quotient and respiratory function were analyzed. Results ① The respiratory rate of children in ADHD group was faster than that of normal children, but the respiratory rate and peak expiratory peak velocity were lower than those of normal children. (2) FSRCQ, FSAQ, ARCQ, AAQ and ADQ of children with ADHD were significantly higher than those of control group Respiratory rate was negatively correlated with respiratory rate and maximum peak flow rate was positively correlated; visual attention quotient (VAQ) and frequency was negatively correlated with respiratory amplitude was positively correlated, but with the maximum peak velocity was not statistically significant . Conclusions There is a correlation between ADHD and lung function. Children with ADHD may have some shortcomings such as shallow breathing and small lung volume, which may be used as one of the indicators of ADHD intervention.