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目的了解医疗机构对腹泻病例的诊断情况,为制定传染病防制策略提供科学依据。方法对定点医院符合病例定义的病例使用统一的调查表进行症状体征、实验室检查、诊断、治疗的调查。结果共评估病例569例,353例有腹痛(62.04%)、肠鸣407例(71.53%)、食欲不振340例(59.754%)。腹泻次数为3～5次/日的有361人(63.44%)。大便常规检查率为54.66%(311例),细菌培养率为17.22%(98例),其中6例阳性(6.12%),检出大肠埃希菌、奇异变形杆菌、产气肠杆菌及白假丝酵母。569名腹泻病例的诊断名称有22种。诊断为“腹泻”及“肠炎/胃肠炎”病例中,大便白细胞增高率分别为9.88%及23.85%(P=0.001);大便培养阳性率分别为13.16%和1.85%(P=0.078)。569名病例中,仅有8例进行了传染病报告(1.40%)。结论广西腹泻病实验室诊断有待提高,警惕条件致病菌导致的腹泻病,“感染性腹泻”报告有待提高。
Objective To understand the diagnosis of diarrhea cases in medical institutions and provide a scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases. Methods The cases of defined cases in designated hospitals were investigated with symptom and symptom, laboratory examination, diagnosis and treatment using a unified questionnaire. Results A total of 569 cases were evaluated, 353 cases had abdominal pain (62.04%), 407 cases (71.53%) of intestinal symptoms and 340 cases (59.754%) of loss of appetite. 361 (63.44%) had diarrhea with 3 to 5 times / day. Stool routine examination rate was 54.66% (311 cases), the bacterial culture rate was 17.22% (98 cases), of which 6 cases were positive (6.12%), the detection of Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes and white leave Yeast. There are 22 diagnostic names for 569 diarrhea cases. The incidences of stool leukocytosis were 9.88% and 23.85% (P = 0.001) respectively in the cases diagnosed as “diarrhea” and “enteritis / gastroenteritis.” The stool culture positive rates were 13.16% and 1.85%, respectively = 0.078). Of the 569 cases, only 8 reported infectious disease (1.40%). Conclusion The laboratory diagnosis of diarrhea in Guangxi needs to be improved, and vigilance against diarrheal diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria should be improved.