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目的探讨未婚妊娠女性人工流产决定因素、术后不良心理状况及其预防措施。方法对2012年1月-2015年12月在10所抽样医院作人工流产的780例未婚女性作问卷调查,包括一般资料、人流原因、对避孕知识掌握情况及心理状况等,总结未婚妊娠女性人工流产的原因及术后不良心理的发生情况,并探讨预防措施。结果 (1)未婚妊娠女性年龄以18~25岁居多,流动人口所占比例高,职业以公司职员、学生、商业服务业为主,流产方式中以全麻流产居多,流产次数以1次所占比例较高,文化程度均较高。(2)未婚妊娠女性人工流产原因以未避孕所占比例最高,其次为未坚持避孕,≤25岁者未避孕所占比例较多,其次为未坚持避孕;≥26岁者未避孕所占比例降低,避孕失败所占比例升高。(3)未婚妊娠女性未避孕及未坚持避孕原因排列前三位为侥幸心理、不懂避孕知识及个人疏忽,未婚妊娠女性避孕失败原因以避孕套使用不当、安全期避孕及口服避孕药避孕为主。(4)未婚妊娠女性避孕方式以避孕套或短效避孕药为主,大部分均认为可发生婚前性行为,对人工流产对身体有害及紧急避孕药不可常服知晓率高,避孕知识获取途径以书刊杂志、电视网络为主,避孕工具获取场所以药店、医疗机构为主。(5)未婚妊娠女性人工流产术后躯体化、强迫、敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、偏执、精神性等评分均高于全国常模(P<0.05)。结论未婚妊娠女性以年龄≤25岁、流动人口、公司职员、学生、商业服务业为主,以初次流产常见,重复流产比例上升,其多存在不良心理反应,对避孕知识知晓率低,人工流产率高。
Objective To explore the determinants of induced abortion in unmarried pregnant women, postoperative adverse psychological conditions and preventive measures. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 780 unmarried women who had been induced abortion in 10 sampling hospitals from January 2012 to December 2015. The survey included general information, causes of abortion, mastery of contraceptive knowledge and psychological status, The causes of miscarriage and the incidence of postoperative adverse psychology, and to explore preventive measures. Results (1) The age of unmarried pregnant women was mostly between 18 and 25 years old, and the proportion of floating population was high. The occupations were mainly staffs, students and commercial service. The majority of abortion was abortion, the number of abortion was 1 Higher proportion, higher education level. (2) The causes of abortion in unmarried pregnant women were the highest among the non-contraceptives, followed by the non-contraceptives, the non-contraceptives were more than 25 years old, followed by the non-contraceptives, and the proportion of non-contraceptives Reduce the proportion of failed contraceptives. (3) The unmarried pregnant women did not contraceptive and did not adhere to the causes of contraception ranked the top three chances, do not understand the contraceptive knowledge and personal negligence, unmarried women contraceptive failure reasons for the use of condoms improper, contraception during pregnancy and oral contraceptive contraception the Lord. (4) Womens contraception in unmarried pregnancy The main contraceptives are contraceptives or short-acting contraceptives. Most of them think that premarital sex may occur, which is harmful to the body due to induced abortion and the unsustainable awareness of emergency contraception. The ways to obtain contraceptive knowledge Books and magazines, television networks, contraceptives to obtain places to pharmacies, medical institutions. (5) The scores of somatization, compulsion, sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, fear, paranoid, psychic and so on in unmarried pregnant women after induced abortion were all higher than the national norm (P <0.05). Conclusions The number of unmarried pregnant women aged less than 25 years, floating population, company staff, students and commercial service is the most common cause of first miscarriage. The proportion of repeat abortion increased with more adverse psychological reactions, lower awareness of contraception and induced abortion High rate.