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在高功率CO2激光深熔焊中,光致等离子体的抑制是保证熔深、稳定焊接过程的关键技术之一。常用的抑制方法是侧吹氦气,而采用氦氩混合气体可降低生产成本,特别是当氦气含量高于50%时。本文采用氦氩比为4∶6的混合气体,对12mm厚船用E级钢板进行高功率CO2激光焊接,通过工艺参数优化实现了稳定的焊接过程,全熔透焊缝的质量达到船级社标准。采用流体力学方法建立了高功率CO2激光焊光致等离子体的物理数学模型,分析了氦氩混合气体侧吹时的等离子体特性及对激光能量的影响。
In high-power CO2 laser deep-penetration welding, the inhibition of photo-plasma is one of the key technologies to ensure penetration and stabilize the welding process. A commonly used method of suppression is side-blown helium, whereas the use of a helium-argon mixed gas reduces production costs, especially when the helium content is above 50%. In this paper, a high-power CO2 laser welding of a 12mm thick marine E-class steel plate was carried out by using a mixed gas with a helium-argon ratio of 4: 6, and a stable welding process was achieved through optimization of process parameters. The quality of fully- . The physical mathematic model of high-power CO2 laser welding plasmas was established by using the fluid mechanics method. The plasma characteristics and the influence on the laser energy when the helium-argon mixed gas was side-blown were analyzed.