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通过29个陆地棉品种(系)表型性状及SSR标记遗传距离聚类分析,依据遗传距离大小在不同类群中选择了8个遗传背景差异不同的陆地棉亲本,进行不完全双列杂交,共配制了28个组合,开展了陆地棉纤维品质性状F1、F2表现及其中亲优势与遗传距离之间的相关、回归分析研究。结果发现杂种F1、F2纤维上半部平均长度、整齐度指数、断裂比强度及其中亲优势均与表型及SSR标记遗传距离正相关,其中杂种F1纤维上半部平均长度与2种遗传距离均达到了显著水平,断裂比强度与SSR标记遗传距离达显著水平;伸长率的杂种F1、F2表现及其中亲优势均与表型及SSR标记遗传距离负相关,其中杂种F1伸长率与SSR标记遗传距离显著负相关。回归分析发现与遗传距离达到显著或极显著相关的纤维品质性状,均与对应遗传距离具有显著或极显著拟合的曲线模型。这些显著或极显著的纤维品质性状,可在育种实践中为利用杂种优势改良棉纤维品质提供参考信息。
Based on the phenotypic traits of 29 cultivars of G. hirsutum and cluster analysis of SSR marker genetic distances, 8 cotton cultivars with different genetic backgrounds were selected from different populations according to their genetic distances to carry out incomplete diallel crosses A total of 28 combinations were prepared to study the correlation between F1 progenies and F2 progenies and their genetic predisposition and genetic distance, and regression analysis. The results showed that the average length, the uniformity index, the breaking strength and the pro-dominant tendencies of the upper half of the F1 and F2 fibers were positively correlated with the phenotypic and SSR markers. The average length of the upper half of F1 hybrids was similar to the two genetic distances All reached a significant level, and the breaking strength and SSR marker genetic distance reached a significant level. The hybrids F1 and F2 with their elongation and their pro-dominant phenotype were negatively correlated with the phenotypic and SSR marker genetic distances, SSR marker genetic distance was significantly negatively correlated. Regression analysis showed that the fiber quality traits associated with significant or extremely significant genetic distances were significantly or significantly related to the corresponding genetic distance curve models. These significant or extremely significant fiber quality traits may provide reference information for improving the quality of cotton fiber by using heterosis in breeding practice.