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目的探讨高频超声在胫骨、腓骨骨折筛查、诊断过程中动态观察与效果评估的应用价值。方法利用高频超声技术对临床怀疑胫腓骨骨折的小儿进行筛查,如超声显示骨皮质连续性中断,低回声区或无回声区等异常声像,则诊断为胫腓骨骨折。以X线为诊断标准,进行对比。结果胫腓骨近端骨折3例,中段骨折12例,远端骨折(外髁部)15例。针对X线检查,阳性27例,阳性率90.0%;阴性3例,阴性率10.0%。超声下局部组织表面不完整、光滑,骨折组织不同程度肿胀,无骨组织错位。结论高频超声技术对小儿胫腓骨骨折的诊断安全可靠,损害低于X线,值得在小儿骨折诊断中应用。
Objective To investigate the application value of dynamic observation and effect evaluation of high frequency ultrasound in the screening and diagnosis of tibia and fibula fracture. Methods High-frequency ultrasound was used to screen children with suspected tibiofibular fractures. For example, ultrasonography showed abnormal cortical continuity, hypoechoic area or anechoic area, which was diagnosed as tibiofibular fractures. X-ray as the diagnostic criteria, compared. Results There were 3 cases of proximal tibiofibular fracture, 12 cases of middle fracture and 15 cases of distal fracture (lateral condyle). For X-ray examination, positive in 27 cases, the positive rate was 90.0%; negative in 3 cases, the negative rate of 10.0%. Ultrasound under the local tissue surface is not complete, smooth, varying degrees of fracture tissue swelling, bone tissue dislocation. Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound is safe and reliable in the diagnosis of pediatric tibiofibular fractures and its damage is lower than that of X-ray. It is worth to be used in the diagnosis of pediatric fractures.