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1991年4月8～15日埃及首都开罗有91例患者疑诊为肉毒中毒住院,死亡18例,占20%。对住院的45例患者进行临床和流行病学调查发现,44例(48%)是在复活节次日(即4月8日)进食用腌制鲱鱼制作的圣餐后2～20.5h发病的,平均潜伏期为12.8h;患者的主要临床症状有呕吐(96%)、口干燥(93%)、视物模糊(91%)、全身虚弱(84%)、恶心(84%)、发音困难(82%)、吞咽困难(82%)、嗜睡(73%)、构语困难(71%)、呼吸困难(71%)、舌动困难(66%)、便秘(52%)、眼睑下垂(46%)、腹痛(43%)、腹泻(39%)、复视(39%)和尿潴留(39%),12例患者(27%)因呼吸困难使用呼吸机辅助呼吸,39例患者接受抗毒素或抗毒血清治疗。对5例住院者的42名家庭成员进行调查,发现16人(38%)有肉毒中毒症状,有症状者都食用过腌鱼食品,在无发病的26名家庭成员中仅有10人(38%)食用过这种食品(P<0.001),发病者比无
April 1991 8-15 in Cairo, Egypt, 91 patients were suspected of botulism poisoning hospitalized, 18 patients died, accounting for 20%. A clinical and epidemiological survey of 45 hospitalized patients found that 44 (48%) patients developed morbidity from 2 to 20.5 hours after their communion with herring prepared on the second day of Easter (April 8) , With an average incubation period of 12.8 hours. The main clinical symptoms were vomiting (96%), dry mouth (93%), blurred vision (91%), generalized weakness (84%), nausea Dysphagia (82%), dysphagia (82%), lethargy (73%), dyslexia (71%), dyspnea (71%), dyskinesia (66%), constipation (52%), ptosis (43%), diarrhea (39%), diplopia (39%) and urinary retention (39%). Twelve patients (27%) used ventilator-assisted ventilation due to dyspnea and 39 patients received antitoxin Or antitoxic serum treatment. A survey of 42 family members of 5 hospitalized persons found that 16 (38%) had botulism and had salvaged food for those who had symptoms and only 10 out of 26 family members who did not ( 38%) had consumed this food (P <0.001), with less incidence