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目的:探讨重症细菌性肺炎患儿抗生素相关性腹泻(AAD)的相关因素及用药情况。方法:对2012年6月至2014年8月在我院就诊发生AAD的97例重症细菌性肺炎患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析,探讨抗生素使用时间、患儿年龄和抗生素使用种类数与AAD发病率的相关性,并对AAD患儿抗生素使用情况进行分析。结果:抗生素使用时间<7 d患儿AAD发生例数与≥7 d比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);1个月~4岁患儿AAD发生例数与>4岁~14岁患儿比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);抗生素联用种类数越多,AAD发病率越高,抗生素使用种类数与AAD发病率呈正相关(r=0.911);引起AAD的抗生素种类依次为头孢菌素类、青霉素类、大环内酯类和氨基糖苷类。结论:重症细菌性肺炎患儿抗生素相关性腹泻的发生率与抗生素使用时间、患儿年龄和抗生素使用种类数有关,头孢菌素类和青霉素类引起AAD的可能性较大。
Objective: To investigate the related factors and medication of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in children with severe bacterial pneumonia. Methods: The clinical data of 97 patients with severe bacterial pneumonia who underwent AAD from June 2012 to August 2014 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The duration of antibiotics use, the age of children and the number of antibiotics used were compared with those of AAD Incidence of the correlation, and analysis of antibiotic use in children with AAD. Results: There was a significant difference in the number of cases of AAD between 7 days and 7 days after antibiotic use (P <0.05). The incidence of AAD in children aged 1 month to 4 years was significantly higher than that of patients aged 4 years to 14 years (P <0.01). The more the number of antibiotics was, the higher the incidence of AAD was and the number of antibiotics was positively correlated with the incidence of AAD (r = 0.911). The antibiotic types of AAD were Cephalosporins, penicillins, macrolides and aminoglycosides. Conclusions: The incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children with severe bacterial pneumonia is related to antibiotic use time, children’s age and the number of antibiotics used. Cephalosporins and penicillins are more likely to cause AAD.