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目的调查马鞍山市育龄妇女麻疹保护性抗体水平,探索低月龄婴儿麻疹发病潜在原因。方法采用整群抽样方法调查马鞍山市婚检、孕检、产妇育龄期妇女群体,填写统一调查表并采集静脉血,分离血清后使用酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻疹IgG抗体。结果马鞍山市育龄妇女麻疹IgG抗体几何均值为746.68 m IU/m L,麻疹IgG抗体阳性率为90.29%,保护性抗体>800 m IU/m L阳性率为48.56%;调查平均年龄25.58岁,不同年龄组抗体滴度、阳性率和保护性抗体阳性率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。以汉族为主,占98.43%;抗体滴度医护人员最高,为1 280.56 m IU/m L、不同职业、不同出生地、不同文化程度抗体滴度差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同户籍抗体滴度和抗体阳性率、保护性抗体阳性率、不同麻疹病史抗体滴度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);<8月龄儿童发病所占比例由15.38%逐年上升到34.91%。结论育龄妇女中有9.71%为易感者,建议育龄妇女孕前接种1剂麻疹疫苗,提高育龄妇女和新生儿麻疹抗体水平,阻止麻疹发病向两头转移。
Objective To investigate the levels of protective antibodies against measles in women of childbearing age in Ma’anshan and to explore the underlying causes of measles in low-age infants. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to investigate the women of childbearing age, pregnant women and pregnant women of Ma’anshan City, fill in the questionnaire and collect the venous blood. Serum IgG was detected by enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The geometric mean of measles IgG antibody of childbearing age women in Ma’anshan was 746.68 mIU / m L, the positive rate of measles IgG antibody was 90.29% and the positive rate of protective antibody> 800 m IU / m L was 48.56%. The mean age of investigation was 25.58 years There was no significant difference in antibody titer, positive rate and protective antibody positive rate in the age group (P> 0.05). The prevalence of antibody titers was highest in Han nationality, accounting for 98.43%. The highest antibody titer was 1 280.56 m IU / m L. There was no significant difference in antibody titers among different occupations, birth places and educational levels (P> 0.05). The antibody titer and antibody positive rate, protective antibody positive rate and different measles history antibody titers of different domicile registered a significant difference (P <0.05). The incidence of <8 months old children increased from 15.38% to 34.91% . Conclusion 9.71% of women of childbearing age are susceptible. It is recommended that women of childbearing age receive one dose of measles vaccine before pregnancy to raise the level of antibody against measles among women of childbearing age and neonatal transmission and prevent the spread of measles to both ends.