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目的:分析浙江省桐庐县儿童肺炎支原体(MP)感染情况及其流行病学特点。方法:对2006年1月至2010年12月急性呼吸道感染(ARI)在桐庐县第一人民医院儿科住院患儿采用被动凝集法进行血清肺炎支原体抗体(MP-IgM)检测,5年检测结果进行流行病学调查,分析儿童MP感染的年龄、性别、季节分布特点。结果:2006至2010年该地区ARI儿童MP感染率分别为29.50%、25.09%、18.21%、30.83%、31.99%,感染率各年间比较有统计学意义(P<0.01)。婴儿组低于其他年龄组,MP感染率分别为～1岁17.88%、～3岁28.95%、～7岁36.17%、～14岁36.17%;女性MP感染率为33.74%,男性MP感染率为23.89%;儿童MP感染存在年龄、性别差异性(P<0.01)。流行病学调查结果表明,该地区2006、2009、2010年MP感染率高于2007年和2008年份,不同年份MP感染率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2006年夏、冬季、2009年至2010年夏、秋、冬季出现MP感染流行趋势。5年间夏、秋、冬不同季节MP感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。除2007年、2009年外,每年不同季节MP感染率均存在季节差异性。结论:MP是该地区儿童ARI的重要病原,随年龄增加MP感染率明显增加,全年均有发病,病原流行以夏、秋、冬季为高发季节,间隔2～3年出现流行趋势。
Objective: To analyze the prevalence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection and its epidemiological characteristics in Tonglu County, Zhejiang Province. Methods: From January 2006 to December 2010, acute respiratory infection (ARI) was detected in children with pediatric in Tonglu County First People’s Hospital by passive agglutination method for the detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody (MP-IgM), 5-year test results Epidemiological survey, analysis of children with MP infection age, gender, seasonal distribution characteristics. Results: The infection rates of MP in ARI children in this area from 2006 to 2010 were 29.50%, 25.09%, 18.21%, 30.83% and 31.99%, respectively. The infection rates were statistically significant in all years (P <0.01). The infection rate of MP in infants group was 17.88% at 1 year old, 28.95% at 3 years old, 36.17% at 7 years old and 36.17% at 14 years old. The MP infection rate in female was 33.74% 23.89%. Children with MP infection had age and sex difference (P <0.01). Epidemiological survey results showed that MP infection rates in 2006, 2009 and 2010 in this area were higher than those in 2007 and 2008, with significant differences in MP infection rates in different years (P <0.01). 2006 summer, winter, 2009 to 2010 summer, autumn, winter MP infection trends. The infection rates of MP in different seasons of summer, autumn and winter were statistically significant (P <0.01). Except for 2007 and 2009, there are seasonal differences in MP infection rates in different seasons each year. Conclusion: MP is an important pathogen of ARI in children in this area. The incidence of MP infection increases with age, and the incidence of MP is increasing year by year. The prevalence of pathogens is high in summer, autumn and winter, with epidemic trends in 2-3 years.