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山东省五莲县苹果栽培面积已发展到16万亩,450万株。这些苹果树80%为乔砧,大多栽在山地梯田上,株行距较大,树形多为主干疏层形,骨干枝多,层次多,结构复杂,管理不便。为此自1985年以来,我们对10多个果园进行了调查,认为山地苹果树宜采用“双层次主枝半园形”整枝,其结构简单。低干、矮冠、成形快、结果早、果实品质好、管理方便。现将此树形简述如下:
Wulian County, Shandong Province, apple cultivation area has been developed to 160,000 mu, 4.5 million strains. 80% of these apple trees are Joe anvil, mostly planted in the mountain terraces, the spacing between trees is larger, the tree is mostly sparsely layered, with many branches and layers, complicated structures and inconvenient management. To this end since 1985, we conducted a survey of more than 10 orchards, mountain apple trees that should adopt “bifurcated main branch semi-circular” pruning, its structure is simple. Low dry, short crowns, forming fast, early results, good fruit quality, easy management. This tree is now outlined below: