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目的为了解济宁市直管单位近5年食品、公共场所从业人员“五病”体检状况及其动态变化,从而为“五病”防治制定更有效的预防控制措施。方法收集济宁市直管单位2005～2009年食品、公共场所从业人员健康检查档案及相关材料,进行统计分析。结果5年“五病”总检出率1.38%(574/41512),2007年最高为1.77%,2009年最低为0.94%,5年“五病”检出率之间差别有显著性差异(x2=355.34,P<0.01)。食品所从业人员检出阳性率为1.38%、公共场所从业人员检出阳性率为1.15%,行业间“五病”检出率差异无统计学意义(x2=2.905,P>0.05)。男性检出率为1.86%,女性检出率为1.10%,性别间“五病”检出率的差异有显著意义(x2=38.32,P<0.01)。结论济宁市直管单位近5年间食品、公共场所从业人员健康体检合格率总体呈上升趋势,但HBsAg阳性是体检阳性的主要原因,应对从业人员以及易感人群进行广泛的乙肝疫苗接种,加强传染病预防知识的健康教育,以不断提高职业禁忌症的检出率。
Objective To understand the status quo of medical examination and the dynamic changes of employees in food and public places in the recent 5 years in Jining City in order to formulate more effective preventive and control measures for the prevention and control of “five diseases”. Methods The health records and related materials of food and public places practitioners from 2005 to 2009 in Jining City were collected and analyzed statistically. Results The overall detection rate of 5 years “five disease ” was 1.38% (574/41512), the highest was 1.77% in 2007, the lowest was 0.94% in 2009, and the difference between 5 years “five diseases ” was Significant difference (x2 = 355.34, P <0.01). The positive rate of food workers was 1.38%, and the positive rate of workers in public places was 1.15%. There was no significant difference in the detection rates of the five diseases among the industries (x2 = 2.905, P> 0.05). The detection rate of males was 1.86%, and the detection rate of females was 1.10%. There was significant difference in the detection rate of “five diseases” between sexes (x2 = 38.32, P <0.01). Conclusion The qualified rate of health check-up in food and public places in Jining City is generally on the rise in recent 5 years. However, HBsAg positive is the main reason of positive physical examination. Extensive hepatitis B vaccination should be carried out among practitioners and susceptible people to strengthen infectious diseases Preventive knowledge of health education in order to continuously improve the detection rate of occupational contraindications.