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防水要求高是公路隧道的特点之一。渗漏水使路面湿滑,威胁行车安全;渗漏水增加洞内湿度,降低风机和灯具的工作效率。在寒区渗漏水还会引发各种冻害,进一步恶化隧道的运营环境。因此,随着公路隧道建设的迅速发展,工程界对隧道的防水愈来愈重视。目前,工程上对山岭隧道渗漏水的预防可归纳为“三道防线”,即围岩注浆堵水、防水层防水、衬砌加止水带防水。由于种种原因,围岩注浆堵水在中国没有受到应有的重视,工程上采用的围岩注浆其目的主要是加固围岩。在这种情况下,后两道防线对隧道的防水效果就显得极为重要。本文简要介绍加强后两道防水防线的若干新技术。
Water-resistant high demand is one of the characteristics of highway tunnels. Leakage makes the road slippery, threatening traffic safety; seepage water increases the humidity inside the hole, reducing the work efficiency of fans and lamps. Water seepage in the cold area can also cause various frost damage, further worsening the tunnel operating environment. Therefore, with the rapid development of highway tunnel construction, the engineering community pays more and more attention to the tunnel waterproofing. At present, the project on the prevention of seepage water in mountain tunnel can be summarized as “three lines of defense”, that is, the surrounding rock is grouted to block water, the waterproof layer is waterproof, and the lining and water stop are water-proof. Due to various reasons, the surrounding rock grouting water blocking in China has not received the attention it deserves. The purpose of engineering surrounding rock grouting is to reinforce the surrounding rock. In this case, the latter two lines of defense on the waterproof effect of the tunnel is extremely important. This article briefly introduces several new technologies that reinforce the last two waterproof lines.