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为了从饼肥发酵液中分离筛选出对香蕉枯萎病菌Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense有良好拮抗效果的菌株,以香蕉枯萎病病原菌为指示菌进行拮抗菌分离筛选。筛选得到29株拮抗菌,其中分离自菜子饼的菌株BM-24拮抗效果最显著。利用平板对峙法测定菌株BM-24抑菌谱,根据形态特征、培养特征及生理生化特征和16S rDNA序列分析对其进行鉴定,并测定其发酵液不同处理的抑菌活性。经鉴定,此菌株为甲基营养型芽胞杆菌Bacillus methylotrophicus,该菌株对供试的12种植物病原真菌均有很强的抑制作用,尤其对香蕉枯萎病菌1号和4号小种菌丝生长抑制作用最强,抑菌率分别达到87.2%和80.4%,其发酵液对香蕉枯萎病菌具有很强抑菌效果,抑菌活性主要源于菌体竞争。
In order to isolate and screen out the strains with good antagonism against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense from banana fermentation broth, the antagonistic bacteria were screened by the pathogen of banana wilt pathogen. 29 strains of antagonistic bacteria were screened, of which strain BM-24 isolated from rapeseed cake had the most significant antagonistic effect. The antibacterial spectrum of strain BM-24 was determined by plate confrontation method. The antibacterial activity of strain BM-24 was identified according to morphological characteristics, culture characteristics, physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The strain was identified as Bacillus methylotrophicus, which had a strong inhibitory effect on the 12 plant pathogenic fungi tested, especially for the inhibition of mycelial growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. No. 1 and 4 The strongest inhibitory rate was 87.2% and 80.4%, respectively. The fermentation broth had strong antibacterial activity against Fusarium oxysporum f.